The Three Healths

Les trois toasts

A Jacobite Bacchanalian Song (ca 1700)

To the tune: To know more about "bacchanalian songs", click here "Jacobite wine glasses" were produced engraved with cryptic references and motifs of discreet loyalty to the Stewart cause (oak leaves, thistles and roses). Hanoverians produced anti-Jacobite glass from which to drink their sovereign’s health.

A propos de la mélodie: Pour avoir quelques informations concernant les "chansons à boire", cliquer ici. On produisit des "verres à vin jacobites" où étaient gravés des allusions voilées et des signes discrets d'attachement à la cause des Stuarts (feuilles de chêne, chardons et roses). Les Hanovriens produisirent des verres anti-jacobites pour boire à la santé du roi.

THE THREE HEALTHS 1. To ane king and nae king [1], ane uncle and father To him that's all these yet allowed to be neither Come push it aboot while the bottle's our standard If you know what I mean it's a health to our landlord 2. To ane queen and nae queen [2], ane aunt and nae mother Come boys let us cheerfully drink off another And now to be honest we'll stick by our faith sir And stand by our landlord as long as we've breath sir 3. To ane prince and nae prince [3], ane son and nae bastard Beshrew him that say it, a lie that is fostered God bless them all three, we'll conclude with this one sir It's a health to our landlord, his wife and his son, sir 4. To our monarch's return once more we'll advance boys We've one that's in Flanders [4], the other's in France [1] boys Then aboot with the health, let him come, let him come then Send the one into England, and both are at home then! [5]

LES TROIS TOASTS 1. Au roi qui n'est point un roi [1], mais oncle et père Qui, tout en l'étant, n'est rien de tout cela! Approche la bouteille, levons nos verres Au Maître de maison qu'ici l'on ne nomme pas! 2. A la reine non-reine [2], mais tante et mère, Amis, à sa santé si chère, buvons! Fidèles à sa foi qu'ici tous révèrent Ainsi qu'àu maître de maison, tant que nous vivrons! 3. Au prince qui ne l'est, [3] au fils légitime! Honni soit qui le nie calomnieusement! Dieu bénisse tous trois, notre souhait ultime, Le maître de maison et sa femme et son enfant! 4. De deux rois l'un est le nôtre. Qu'il revienne! - L'un est en Flandre. L'autre en France dit-on - [4] Que l'un d'eux rentre ici? Qu'à cela ne tienne! Chacun d'eux alors aura regagné sa maison! [5] (Trad. Christian Souchon (c) 2010)

[1] King James II/VII deposed in 1688, who lived in France, at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. He was father to Queen Mary II and uncle to King William III. (See chart above). [2] His second wife, the Catholic Mary of Modena, who had escaped to France on December 10, 1688 with her son. She was aunt to William but not mother to Mary. [3] James Francis Edward Stuart (The "Old Pretender"), born in 1688. Coming after numerous other children had died in infancy, his birth caused much speculation. It was suggested that the child had been born dead and a changeling smuggled into the room in a warming pan in order to conceal the death. To stop the rumour, James called two extraordinary sessions of his Privy Council to hear testimony proving that the Prince of Wales was his son by the Queen. [4] William of Orange/ King William III. He also was Stadtholder of 5 Dutch provinces: Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guilderland and Overijsel. [5] "One" (or "Wan"?): the latter word could at that time (ca 1700) apply both to William who died of pneumonia in 1702, and to James II/VII, who lived during his last years as an austere penitent and died in 1701. In a note, Hogg states that this song, "copied from Sir Walter Scott's papers, is of older date than those among which it is inserted (i.e. the songs of volume II), as it has been evidently written in the lifetime of King James and at a time when William was on a visit to his native country."

[1] Le Roi Jacques II, déposé en 1688, vivait à Saint Germain en Laye. Il était le père de la Reine Marie II et l'oncle du Roi Guillaume III. (Cf. tableau ci-dessus). [2] Sa seconde épouse, la catholique Marie de Modène, qui avait fui en France avec son fils le 10 décembre 1688. Elle était la tante de Guillaume, sans être la mère de Marie. [3] Jacques François Edouard Stuart (Le "Vieux Prétendant"), né en 1688. Venant après la mort en bas âge de nombreux enfants, sa naissance donna lieu à bien des spéculations. On prétendit que l'enfant était mort-né et qu'on lui en avait substitué un autre, introduit dans la pièce caché dans une bassinoire, pour dissimuler cette mort. Pour arrêter cette rumeur, Jacques dut convoquer deux sessions extraordinaires de son conseil privé chargées d'entendre les témoins attestant que le Prince de Galles était bien son fils légitime. [4] Guillaume d'Orange/ le Roi Guillaume III. Il était aussi Stathouder de 5 Provinces néerlandaises: Hollande, Zélande, Utrecht, Gueldre et Haut-Ijssel. [5] "Un" ou "pâle", selon l'orthographe. "Pâle" pouvait, vers 1700, s'appliquer tant à Guillaume qui mourut de pneumonie en 1702, qu'à Jacques II/VII qui vécut ses dernières années en austère pénitent et mourut en 1701. Hogg indique dans une note, que ce chant "provient des papiers de Sir W. Scott et est de date plus ancienne que ceux parmi lesquels il est inséré (à savoir, ceux du volume II), puisqu'il est clair qu'il fut rédigé alors que le roi Jacques était encore en vie, lors d'une visite de Guillaume à son pays natal."

The "Collège des Ecossais" (65 rue du Cardinal Lemoine, Paris, 5) founded in 1662 by Robert Barclay. From l. to r.: Saint James's Chapel, completed in 1672, with cenotaph of King James II (+ 1701; the urn containing part of the King's remains was destroyed by the Revolution). Epitaph of Queen Mary of Modena (+1718). Portrait of King James II. Epitaph of Princess Louisa-Mary (+1712). Altar with painting of Saint James's martyrdom. Ceiling with Scottish insigns. Front gate of the college which was modified to account for the (1685) lowered level of the back then Rue des Fossés Saint-Victor. Whereas the back yard with its lovely turret remained unchanged. These premises - which nowadays harbour a Catholic private school - are still, at least partly, the Kirk of Scotland's property. (See also Over the Seas..).